Langerhans cell histiocytosis

Introduction: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), which was previously known as histiocytosis X, refers to a group of lesions that stimulate uncontrolled proliferation of cells. The purpose of this case was to report and describe a LCH case with mandibular bone involvement in a 2.5-year-old boy. Case reports: A 2.5 years old boy with LCH of mandibular jaw who has been treated by surgical intervention and chemotherapy and followed more than two years.  Conclusion: LCH of the mandible is a rare lesion of the langerhans cells which could be treated with early accurate diagnosis. Therefore, to reach the best response to treatment, early diagnosis based on recognition of clinical and radiographic features of the lesion is very important.